.
Researchers from IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) have
deciphered the function executed by a protein called β-catenin in
generating blood tissue stem cells.
These cells, also called haematopoietic, are used as a source for
transplants that form part of the therapies to fight different types of leukaemia.
The results obtained will open the doors to produce these stem cells in
the laboratory and, thus, improve the quality and quantity of these
surgical procedures. This will let patients with no compatible donors be
able to benefit from this discovery in the future.
The study, executed jointly with the Erasmus Medical Center Stem Cell of Rotterdam and published in the
Journal of Experimental Medicine,
analysed a chain of molecular reactions that are produced inside some
embryonic cells and that play a role in the creation of a haematopoietic
stem cells. 'Our study contributes to deciphering the code that makes a
precursor cell that is only found in the embryo become a haematopoietic
stem cell. In order for that to happen, the β-catenin protein must be
activated for a while and with a specific dosage' explains Dr Anna
Bigas, head of the IMIM Stem Cells & Cancer Group and lead
researcher.
This protein also plays a fundamental role in the cells that originate
and maintain some types of leukaemia. 'The parallelisms between normal
and leukaemia stem cells prove to us that the molecular pathways that
regulate both populations are the same. For this reason, our work will
help us understand the origin of these diseases', argues Dr Bigas.
In addition to embryonic stem cells, each of our body's organs has
another type of stem cell that has the capacity to regenerate all the
cells for the tissue in question. However, they are only formed in the
embryonic stage and are maintained for the rest of our lives.
Haematopoietic stem cells are part of the blood and, when they are
transplanted, they are the inception for all of this tissue's cells.
At present, transplanting these cells is dependent on the availability
of compatible donors. Nonetheless, there is still a high percentage of
patients with no donors and that, therefore, cannot be submitted to this
procedure. The results of this article lay the foundations so that, in
the future, these patients can benefit from a source of
laboratory-generated haematopoietic stem cells created from compatible
embryonic cells or other types of expressly transformed cells.
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/248293.php
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/248293.php